
Creature Feature – Northern Anchovy
Even though anchovies are small in size, they play a vital role in the marine ecosystem.
Northern Anchovies are small fish that are an essential part of the marine food chain, serving as a key food source for many ocean creatures. Despite being near the base of the food chain, they feed on microscopic organisms. To evade predators, anchovies swim in large schools—sometimes numbering in the thousands. With so many fish moving together in a tight cluster, it’s difficult for predators to single out and target one individual.
Anchovy or Sardine? Many people confuse anchovies with sardines due to their similar appearance. Anchovies are often seen swimming with their mouths open to gather microscopic food. Sardines, on the other hand, have a distinctive row of black spots along their sides. Their schools tend to move in quick, darting motions, while anchovy schools form vertical funnels or swirling patterns.

Taxonomy
Scientific Name: Engraulis mordax
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Clupeiformes
Family: Engraulidae
Genus: Engraulis
Northern Anchovy Fact File
Size: Approximately 2–40 cm long
Distribution: Found in the Pacific Ocean from British Columbia to Baja California; can inhabit depths of up to 1,017 feet
Diet: Plankton, zooplankton, and larval fish
Behaviour: Anchovies undergo vertical migration, rising to the surface at night and descending to deeper waters during the day
IUCN Status: Least Concern

